R. Loew Electronics Disk Partitioning Utility Version 1.0 05/08/2008 Copyright (C) 2008 by Rudolph R. Loew The R. Loew Electronics Disk Partitioning Utility provides the ability to precisely partition a Hard Drive using one or more Boot profiles. REQUIREMENTS DOS, Windows 98, 98SE or ME. BIOS Support for the size of Hard Drive required to run in normal mode. CONTENTS RFDISK.EXE Disk Partitioning Utility Version 1.0 (Full Version Only) RFDISKD.EXE Disk Partitioning Utility Version 1.0 (Demo Version Only) MANUAL.TXT Users Manual LICENSE.TXT License terms and conditions HISTORY.TXT Revision History DEMO VERSION The Demo Version supports all of the Commands except the Write, PutMBR and Xcize Commands. This allows you to try out the Program but you will not be able to change any of the Partitions on the Hard Drive. You will be able to Install and Uninstall the Multi Boot MBR but only Profile "0" will be available. INSTALLATION/UNINSTALLATION None required. Run Executable from DOS or a DOS Box to use. COMMAND SYNTAX RFDISK [-RAW] [-CHS] [-Overlap] [-NoSwap] [-MaxDrive#] Write|Diag The RAW Option specifies that RFDISK should use Direct I/O to access the Hard Drive. Only standard Motherboard IDE drives can be accessed in this mode. This can be used on older computers that do not support large hard drives. The CHS Option specifies that RFDISK should use CHS (Old Interrupt 13 Calls) Addressing rather than the default LBA (Interrupt 13 Extensions) Addressing. A maximum of 8GB can be Partitioned in this mode. The Overlap Option disables checking for Partition Overlaps. The NoSwap Option disables rearrangement of multiple Primary Partitions when the Active Partition is not the first. The MaxDrive# limits the number of Hard Drives scanned. Some systems lockup if nonexistent Hard Drives are scanned. This Option can be used to prevent Lockup by limiting the number of drives scanned to the number of drives present. The format of this option is "-#" where # in the number of drives. For example, to scan two drives use "-2". The Write Parameter enables Writing of updated Partition information. The Diag Parameter disables Writing of updated Partition information, instead a list of changes is shown. This is for Diagnostic purposes. Either Write or Diag must be specified. Otherwise the Syntax message will be shown and the Program will exit. SINGLE BOOT MODE Single Boot Mode is the default mode when initially Partitioning a Drive or when modifying a Drive that was Partitioned elsewhere. A standard Master Boot Record can be written and all Partitioning information is placed within this Sector. In this mode all Boot Profile References will be shown as "-" and all Partitions will be automatically linked to the default profile. MULTI BOOT MODE Multi Boot Mode provides for the support of multiple Boot Profiles. A proprietary Master Boot Record is used containing a copy of the Active Boot Profile. Successive Sectors contain standard MBRs or other types of Boot Records along with the Partition information for each successive Boot Profile. Once the Multi Boot MBR is written to a Hard Drive, RFDISK will automatically run in Multi Boot Mode for that Drive. Uninstalling or Erasing the Multi Boot MBR is required to return to Single Boot Mode. MULTI BOOT PROFILES Each Boot Profile is assigned a Letter (Case Insensitive) or a Number. Profile "0" is automatically defined as the First Profile. This Profile will be used by any Boot Profile that contains a Boot or Custom Record rather than a MBR. Reserved Profiles "D" and "W" also use this Profile. Reserved Profiles "D" and "W" are used with additional support Programs to support DOS 6 and DOS 7 Boots along with Windows using the same C: Partition. Multi Boot Mode can be used on Non-Boot Drives to allow selecting Partition Profiles at Boot Time. All Drives up to and including these Drives must be setup in Multi Boot Mode to support this option. OVERVIEW MODE At startup, after a Write Command, or a Multi Boot Setup Command, the Program goes into Overview Mode. In this mode all Drives are displayed and Partition editing Commands are disabled. Using the Drive "D" Command with no Drive Number will also switch to Overview Mode. Multi Boot Setup Commands should be run in this mode, otherwise any unwritten changes will be lost. If there is only one Hard Drive, overview mode is disabled and RFDISK will go directly into Drive Mode. DRIVE MODE When the Drive "D" Command is used with a Drive Number, RFDISK will enter Drive Mode. In this mode only one Drive is displayed and the Drive Editing Commands will be enabled. This mode is exited when the Write "W" Command is executed. Using a Multi Boot Setup Command, or quitting will exit this mode without saving any unwritten changes. Selecting another Drive will discard unwritten changes and switch to the new Drive. DISPLAY When RFDISK is started and after each Command, RFDISK displays the partitions currently defined. In Overview Mode all Drives are displayed. In Drive Mode, only the Selected Drive is Displayed. After Writing or using a Multi Boot Setup Command, all Drives are rescanned and Validated. The First line contains the Drive Number, Estimated Geometry and Profile Information for a Drive. Partsecs is the Number of Sectors used by the Multi Boot MBR. In Single Boot Mode the Count will be 1. The Terminating Null Sector is not included. The Brackets contain a list where each character represents a sector. "." is the Multi Boot MBR "0" is the First (Default) Profile Sector "-" is the Standard MBR in Single Boot Mode Any other Number or Letter represents a Multi Boot Profile ID. The Terminating Null Sector used in Multi Boot Mode is not included. The Active Entry is the ID of the currently Active Profile and represents the Partition Profile currently written to the MBR. This is the Profile that will be used if the Computer is Booted from a Different Drive such as a Floppy or USB Drive without invoking the Multi Boot MBR. If the estimated Drive Geometry does not match the Interrupt 13 reports, the discrepancies are displayed. If the Drive has been configured in Multi Boot Mode, but the proprietary MBR code has been overwritten, a warning is displayed. This will happen if Windows is installed after a Multi Boot Drive is setup. Use the MBR Command to reload the Multi Boot MBR Code and Write it to the Drive. The following lines show the Defined Partitions for the particular Drive. Part indicates a Primary Partition or Extended Partition Header LPart indicates a Logical Partition Type= is the Hexadecimal Partition Type Code 0 = Undefined Filler 1 = FAT12 CHS Partition 4 = FAT16 CHS Partition (Less Than 32MB) 5 = Extended CHS Partition 6 = FAT12/FAT16 CHS Partition (Over 32MB) 7 = NTFS B = FAT32 CHS Partition C = FAT32 LBA Partition E = FAT16 LBA Partition F = Extended LBA Partition DOS 6.2 recognizes Types 1, 4, 5 and 6 and is limited to 8GB. Primary and Extended Partitions ending above 1023 Cylinder (approx 8GB typically) must be LBA Partitions (7, C, E or F). Logical Partitions are not restriced as they take on the attributes of their enclosing Extended Partition. All Partitions defined within the range of an Extended Partition are set to Logical Partitions and are referenced as Part of it. Start= is the Starting Cylinder. A trailing "+" indicates that the Partition starts on Head 1. Logical Partitions always start on Head 1 as Head 0 holds the Extension Record. A Primary Partition on Cylinder 0 must also start on Head 1. An Extended Partition cannot start on Cylinder 0. End= is the Cylinder after the End of the Partition. If a Partition does not Start or End on Head 0 or 1 and Sector 1, the entry is shown as Cyl/Head/Sec. The estimated Geometry is used to convert between Cylinder and Sector Numbers. For the Default Geometry of 255 Heads and 63 Sectors, each Cylinder is a little less than 8MB. If an existing Partition has a defined CHS geometry it is used, otherwise INT13 calls are used to get the Geometry. If none are valid, 255/63 is used. The Geometry "G" Command can be used to manually set the Geometry used. The Status field indicates the status of the Boot Record for the Partition: VALID indicates a Boot Record with Valid Partition Info is present INV indicates a Boot Record with Incorrect Info is Present DOSOF indicates a Boot Record with Valid DOS 6 Partition Info is present blank indicates no detected Boot Record or is not a DOS Partition A Partition marked INV will have it's Boot Record Erased if the Write Command is used. The Erase Flag can be Toggled On or Off with the Erase "E" Command. After Writing, the Status field will be blank indicating no Boot Record. Ref= lists the Profile ID(s) this Partition is Linked to. This Partition will be copied to the MBR, and enabled, if any one of the listed Profiles is invoked during Boot. In Single Boot Mode the Partition will always be linked to the MBR and a "-" will be shown in the Display. Act= lists the Profile ID(s) in which this Partition will be the Active Partition. This Partition will be tagged as Active in each of these Profiles. In Single Boot Mode there is no need to specify a Profile and the Display will show a "-" if it is marked Active. The Active Partition will be placed First in the Partition Table regardless of Position unless the NoSwap option is used in the RFDISK Command Line. COMMANDS RFDISK commands consist of three types of Commands. Overview Commands are used to take actions that are not specific to a single Drive and to select a Drive. These Commands are always enabled. Drive Commands affect only a single Drive and are enabled only when a Drive is selected. Multi Boot Setup Commands are used to Install, UnInstall and Modify Multi Boot structures. These are always enabled but will discard any changes made in Drive mode. All Commands only require that the first letter of the Command be used. The "?" Commands displays a summary of enabled Commands. Pressing ENTER alone redisplays the Drive or all Drives depending upon mode. OVERVIEW COMMANDS These Commands are enabled in Overview Mode as well as Drive Mode. The Drive Command selects a Drive to Edit. Selecting a Specific Drive enables Drive Mode. D # selects Drive # D discards any unwritten changes and returns to Overview Mode If a previous Drive was selected any unwritten changes are discarded. The Hide Command hides partitions above a specified limit to reduce the number of Partitions displayed. H # hides Partitions above Cylinder # H 0 hides all Logical Partitions H restores display of all Partitions Hidden Partitions are shown as a line of asterisks, one for each Partition The Oldvalues Command discards any unwritten changes and rereads the Drives. The Mode is not changed. The syntax is as follows: O The " prompt will be shown. Press ENTER to reuse the previous Profile. Press the Number or Letter Key to select a new Profile. If the next drive has a Multi Boot MBR the previous steps are repeated. Successive drives will repeat these steps until there are no more drives or a Drive does not have a Multi Boot MBR. You can press ENTER repeatedly to reuse the previous Profiles on each of the later Drives. If you do not Press the Left-Control Key, the current Profiles will be shown for each Drive in sequence without stopping to prompt. Pressing the "?" key before pressing the desired Profile key will force the Drive to query on the next Boot. "?" will be shown as the previous Profile on the next Boot and you will have to enter a new Profile. The "?" kay can be used each time to force a query on the following Boot. Pressing the "*" key before pressing the desired Profile key will force the Drive to query on all successive Boots. To turn off the permanent query mode, press the "?" key and enter a new Profile. The Drive will query one more time on the following Boot. It will not query again unless you use the "?" key again or use the Left-Control Key later. The Right-Control Key is not used by RFDISK so it can be used to bring up a Windows Boot Menu without triggering a Multi Boot Prompt. Whenever a Profile is manually selected, the Partition table from the Profile's Sector is copied to the main MBR. This allows DOS, Windows etc. to read the Partitions. This process is repeated on all succeeding Drives. The MBR or Boot Record from the First Drive's Profile is read into memory and executed. RELATED PRODUCTS RFORMAT Configurable formatter for FAT Partitions. QFORMAT Quick formatter for FAT Partitions. PARTS Partition Mapper. PATCH137 Large Disk Support Patch for Windows 98, 98SE and ME. BOOTMAN Large Disk Support BIOS Overlay for DOS, Windows 98, 98SE and ME. IO.DOS Modified IO.SYS files for use with "D" and "W" Profiles. IO.EBD IO.256 Patch to support 256 Sector per Cluster FileSystems. VFAT Supports 8GB FAT16 Partitions. BIOS Large Disk Support Patches for Tyan S1590 Motherboard and others. EPIA Patched BIOSes to fix bug in VIA EPIA BIOSes from 01/02 thru 06/05. DOS Patches to DOS 6.2 to access Drives larger than 8GB. XPPATCH Updates to Windows XP Original Edition to provide 48-Bit LBA support during installation. PATCHENC Patch to Support Encrypted Hard Drives. CONTACT INFORMATION Rudolph R. Loew 506 Bieling Rd. Elmont, NY 11003 1-516-352-9078 RLoew@hotmail.com Website: http://members.aol.com/rloew1 IP = conference.no-ip.org PORT = 8192 (Conference Console)